- GENERO Abramites (Fowler, 1906)
- Abramites eques (Steindachner, 1878)
- Abramites hypselonotus (Günther, 1868)
- GENERO Anostomoides (Pellegrin, 1909)
- Anostomoides atrianalis, (Pellegrin, 1909)
- Anostomoides laticeps, (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
- Anostomoides passionis, (Dos Santos & Zuanon, 2006)
- GENERO Anostomus (Scopoli, 1777)
- Anostomus anostomus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Anostomus brevior (Géry, 1961)
- Anostomus longus (Géry, 1961)
- Anostomus ternetzi (Fernández-Yépez, 1949)
- Anostomus ucayalensis (Fowler, 1906)
- GENERO Hypomasticus (Borodin, 1929)
- Hypomasticus despaxi (Puyo, 1943)
- Hypomasticus garmani (Borodin, 1929)
- Hypomasticus julii (dos Santos, Jégu & A. C. Lima, 1996)
- Hypomasticus megalepis (Günther, 1863)
- Hypomasticus mormyrops (Steindachner, 1875)
- Hypomasticus pachycheilus (Britski, 1976)
- Hypomasticus thayeri (Borodin, 1929)
- GENERO Gnathodolus (G. S. Myers, 1927)
- Gnathodolus bidens
- GENERO Laemolyta (Cope, 1872)
- Laemolyta fasciata (N. E. Pearson, 1924)
- Laemolyta fernandezi (G. S. Myers, 1950)
- Laemolyta garmani (Borodin, 1931)
- Laemolyta macra (Géry, 1974)
- Laemolyta nitens (Garman, 1890)
- Laemolyta orinocensis (Steindachner, 1879)
- Laemolyta proxima (Garman, 1890)
- Laemolyta taeniata (Kner, 1858)
- Laemolyta varia (Garman, 1890)
- GENERO Leporellus (Lütken, 1875)
- Leporellus cartledgei (Fowler, 1941)
- Leporellus pictus (Kner, 1858)
- Leporellus retropinnis (C. H. Eigenmann, 1922)
- Leporellus vittatus (Valenciennes, 1850)
- GENERO Leporinus (Agassiz, 1829)
- Leporinus acutidens (Valenciennes, 1837)
- Leporinus affinis (Günther, 1864)
- Leporinus agassizii (Steindachner, 1876)
- Leporinus aguapeiensis (Amaral Campos, 1945)
- Leporinus alternus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
- Leporinus amae (Godoy, 1980)
- Leporinus amazonicus (dos Santos &Zuanon, 2008)5
- Leporinus amblyrhynchus (Garavello &Britski, 1987)
- Leporinus apollo (Sidlauskas, Mol & Vari, 2011)
- Leporinus arcus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
- Leporinus aripuanaensis (Garavello &dos Santos, 1981)
- Leporinus badueli (Puyo, 1948)
- Leporinus bahiensis (Steindachner, 1875)
- Leporinus bimaculatus (Castelnau, 1855)
- Leporinus bistriatus (Britski, 1997)
- Leporinus bleheri (Géry, 1999)
- Leporinus boehlkei (Garavello, 1988)
- Leporinus brinco (Birindelli, Britski &Garavello, 2013)4
- Leporinus britskii (Feitosa, dos Santos &Birindelli, 2011)6
- Leporinus brunneus (G. S. Myers, 1950)
- Leporinus conirostris (Steindachner, 1875)
- Leporinus copelandii (Steindachner, 1875)
- Leporinus crassilabris (Borodin, 1929)
- Leporinus cylindriformis (Borodin, 1929)
- Leporinus desmotes (Fowler, 1914)
- Leporinus ecuadorensis (C. H. Eigenmann & Henn, 1916)
- Leporinus elongatus (Valenciennes, 1850)
- Leporinus falcipinnis (Mahnert, Géry &So. Muller, 1997)
- Leporinus fasciatus (Bloch, 1794)
- Leporinus friderici (Bloch, 1794)
- Leporinus geminis (Garavello & dos Santos, 2009)
- Leporinus gomesi (Garavello & dos Santos, 1981)
- Leporinus gossei (Géry, Planquette & Le Bail, 1991)
- Leporinus granti (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
- Leporinus guttatus (Birindelli & Britski, 2009)
- Leporinus holostictus (Cope, 1878)
- Leporinus jamesi (Garman, 1929)
- Leporinus jatuncochi (Ovchynnyk, 1971)
- Leporinus klausewitzi (Géry, 1960)
- Leporinus lacustris (Amaral Campos, 1945)
- Leporinus lebaili (Géry & Planquette, 1983)
- Leporinus leschenaulti (Valenciennes, 1850)
- Leporinus macrocephalus (Garavello &Britski, 1988)
- Leporinus maculatus (J. P. Müller &Troschel, 1844)
- Leporinus marcgravii (Lütken, 1875)
- Leporinus melanopleura (Günther, 1864)
- Leporinus melanopleurodes (Birindelli, Britski& Garavello, 2013)4
- Leporinus melanostictus (Norman, 1926)
- Leporinus microphthalmus (Garavello, 1989)
- Leporinus moralesi (Fowler, 1942)
- Leporinus multifasciatus (Cope, 1878)
- Leporinus muyscorum (Steindachner, 1900)
- Leporinus nattereri (Steindachner, 1876)
- Leporinus niceforoi (Fowler, 1943)
- Leporinus nigrotaeniatus (Jardine, 1841)
- Leporinus nijsseni (Garavello, 1990)
- Leporinus obtusidens (Valenciennes, 1837)
- Leporinus octofasciatus (Steindachner, 1915)
- Leporinus octomaculatus (Britski & Garavello, 1993)
- Leporinus ortomaculatus (Garavello, 2000)
- Leporinus pachyurus (Valenciennes, 1850)
- Leporinus parae (C. H. Eigenmann, 1908)
- Leporinus paralternus (Fowler, 1914)
- Leporinus paranensis (Garavello & Britski, 1987)
- Leporinus pearsoni (Fowler, 1940)
- Leporinus pellegrinii (Steindachner, 1910)
- Leporinus piau (Fowler, 1941)
- Leporinus piavussu (Britski, Birindelli &Garavello, 2012)2
- Leporinus pitingai (dos Santos & Jégu, 1996)
- Leporinus platycephalus (Meinken, 1935)
- Leporinus punctatus (Garavello, 2000)
- Leporinus reinhardti (Lütken, 1875)
- Leporinus reticulatus (Britski & Garavello, 1993
- Leporinus santosi (Britski & Birindelli, 2013)3
- Leporinus sexstriatus (Britski & Garavello, 1980)
- Leporinus silvestrii (Boulenger, 1902)
- Leporinus spilopleura (Norman, 1926)
- Leporinus steindachneri (C. H. Eigenmann, 1907)
- Leporinus steyermarki (Inger, 1956)
- Leporinus striatus (Kner, 1858)
- Leporinus subniger (Fowler, 1943)
- Leporinus taeniatus (Lütken, 1875)
- Leporinus taeniofasciatus (Britski, 1997)
- Leporinus tigrinus (Borodin, 1929)
- Leporinus trifasciatus (Steindachner, 1876)
- Leporinus trimaculatus (Garavello & dos Santos, 1992)
- Leporinus uatumaensis (dos Santos & Jégu, 1996)
- Leporinus unitaeniatus (Garavello & dos Santos, 2009)
- Leporinus vanzoi (Britski & Garavello, 2005)
- Leporinus venerei (Birindelli & Britski, 2008)7
- Leporinus wolfei (Fowler, 1940)
- Leporinus y-ophorus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1922)
- GENERO Petulanos (Sidlauskas & Vari, 2008)
- Petulanos intermedius (R. Winterbottom, 1980)
- Petulanos plicatus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
- Petulanos spiloclistron (R. Winterbottom, 1974)
- GENERO Pseudanos (R. Winterbottom, 1980)
- Pseudanos gracilis (Kner, 1858)
- Pseudanos irinae (R. Winterbottom, 1980)
- Pseudanos trimaculatus (Kner, 1858)
- Pseudanos varii (Birindelli, F. C. T. Lima & Britski, 2012)3
- Pseudanos winterbottomi (Sidlauskas & dos Santos, 2005)
- GENERO Rhytiodus (Kner, 1858)
- Rhytiodus argenteofuscus (Kner, 1858)
- Rhytiodus elongatus (Steindachner, 1908)
- Rhytiodus lauzannei (Géry, 1987)
- Rhytiodus microlepis (Kner, 1858)
- GENERO Sartor (G. S. Myers & A. L. de Carvalho, 1959)
- Sartor elongatus (dos Santos & Jégu, 1987)
- Sartor respectus (G. S. Myers & A. L. de Carvalho, 1959)
- Sartor tucuruiense (dos Santos & Jégu, 1987)
- GENERO Schizodon (Agassiz, 1829)
- Schizodon altoparanae (Garavello & Britski, 1990)
- Schizodon australis (Garavello, 1994)
- Schizodon borellii (Boulenger, 1900)
- Schizodon corti (L. P. Schultz, 1944)
- Schizodon dissimilis (Garman, 1890)
- Schizodon fasciatus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829)
- Schizodon intermedius (Garavello & Britski, 1990)
- Schizodon isognathus (Kner, 1858)
- Schizodon jacuiensis (Bergmann, 1988)
- Schizodon knerii (Steindachner, 1875)
- Schizodon nasutus (Kner, 1858)
- Schizodon platae (Garman, 1890)
- Schizodon rostratus (Borodin, 1931)
- Schizodon scotorhabdotus (Sidlauskas, Garavello & Jellen, 2007)
- Schizodon succinctus (Burmeister, 1861)
- Schizodon vittatus (Valenciennes, 1850)
- GENERO Synaptolaemus (G. S. Myers & Fernández-Yépez, 1950)
- Synaptolaemus cingulatus (G. S. Myers & Fernández-Yépez, 1950)
- Synaptolaemus latofasciatus (Steindachner, 1910)